Electrical Notes
Notes on Electrical Engineering:
All Notes & Abstracts are Based on Some Electrical References. All References are mention at end of each Notes.
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- Selection for Street Light Luminar-(PART-4)
- Selection for Street Light Luminar-(PART-3)
- Selection for Street Light Luminar-(PART-2)
- Selection for Street Light Luminar-(PART-1)
- Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method)
- Motor Name Plate Terminology
- Electrical Thumb Rule-11
- Panel Design & Calculate Size of Bus bar
- Calculate Voltage Drop and No’s of Street Light Pole
- Calculate Size of Neutral Earthing Transformer (NET)
- Calculate Street Light Pole’s Distance / Fixture Watt / Lighting Area
- IP Rating for Electrical Enclosure
- Calculate No of Street Light Poles
- Calculate No of Lighting Fixtures / Lumen for Indoor Lighting
- Calculate Size of Capacitor Bank / Annual Saving & Payback Period
- Calculate Cable Size and Voltage Drop
- Calculate Technical Losses of Transmission / Distribution Line
- Selection of 3P-TPN-4P MCB & Distribution Board
- Calculate IDMT over Current Relay Setting (50/51)
- Electrical Thumbs Rules (Part-10)
- Electrical Thumbs Rules (Part-9)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-8)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-7)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-6)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-5)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-4)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-3)
- Electrical Thumb Rules (Part-2)
- Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part 1).
- Total Losses in Power Distribution and Transmission Lines-Part 2
- Total Losses in Power Distribution & Transmission Lines-Part 1
- Calculate TC Size & Voltage Drop due to starting of Large Motor
- Calculate Size of Contactor, Fuse, C.B, Over Load Relay of DOL Starter
- Calculate Number of Lighting Fixtures & Lux Level
- Calculate Voltage Regulation of Distribution Line
- Calculate Size of Transformer and Voltage drop due to starting of large size motor
- Design DOL / Star-Delta Starter
- Calculate Size of Motor-Pump
- Calculate Numbers of Plate/Pipe/Strip Earthings (Part-3)
- Calculate Numbers of Plate/Pipe/Strip Earthings (Part-2)
- Calculate Numbers of Plate/Pipe/Strip Earthings (Part-1)
- Size and Location of Capacitor in Electrical System-(Part 2)
- Size and Location of Capacitor in Electrical System-(Part1)
- Calculate Number of Plate / Pipe Earthing
- Size of Capacitor Bank for Power Factor Correction
- Difference between Unearthed Cable & Earthed Cables
- Over Current Relay(Type-Application-Connection)
- Calculate Transformer Over current Protection (As per NEC 450.3)
- Types and Revolution of Electrical Relays
- Transformer IDMT Over Current & Earth Fault Relay Setting
- IDMT Over Current Relay Grading Calculation (50/51)
- IDMT Relay Setting & Curves
- Calculation of IDMT Over current & Earth Fault Relay Setting
- Abstract of over current Protection of Transformer (NEC 450.3)
- Difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing
- Safety Clearance for Transformer
- Safety Clearance for Electrical Panel
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-6)
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-5)
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-4)
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-3)
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-2)
- Electrical Safety Clearance (Part-1)
- Impact of Floating Neutral in Power Distribution
- Parallel Operation of Transformer
- Vector Group of Transformer
- Auto Transformer Connection
- Scott-T Connection of Transformer
- Zig-zag Connection of Transformer
- Star-Delta Connection of Transformer
- Delta-Star Connection of Transformer
- Delta-Delta Connection of Transformer
- Star-Star Connection of Transformer
- Calculate % Voltage Regulation of Small Distribution Line.
- Insulation Resistance (IR) Values
- Star-Delta Starter
- Direct On Line Starter
- Effects of High Voltage Transmission Lines on Humans and Plants
- Analysis the Truth behind Household Power Savers
- Types of Neutral Earthing in Power Distribution
- EHV/HV Cable Sheath Earthing
- Abstract of NEC for Size of Cable for Single or Group of Motors
- HIPOT Testing
- What is Earthing
- Abstract of National Electrical Code for Transformer’s Protection
- Guideline to Design Electrical Network for Building / Small Area.
- Demand Factor-Diversity Factor-Utilization Factor-Load Factor
- Calculate Transverse Load on PCC/RCC/Tublar/RSJ Pole.
- Working Principle of ELCB and RCB
- Single Earthed Neutral and Multi Earthed Neutral.
- Type of Electrical Power Distribution systems
- Type of Cable Tray.
- Electrical Programs (Excel Base)
- Sub Station Abstracts
- Tampering Methods of Electrical Energy Meter.
- 11KV/415V Overhead Line Specification as per REC
- Specification for Rewirable Cut Out Fuse Unit
- Low Voltage and High Voltage Cable Testing
- Home / Office Programs (Excel Base
- Overload Relay & Contactor for Starter
- Type of Gland
- Gland Size Selection
- EHV XLPE – Current Rating
- XLPE Cable-Current Rating
- PVC Cable-Current Rating
- Fuse
- Difference between Power Transformer and Distribution Transformer
- Current Transformer
- Electrical Clearance in Substation.
- Minimum Electrical Clearance.
- Minimum Acceptable specification for Metering C.T
- Typical Limiting Values of Substation Equipments.
- Lighting Arr ester
- Standard Makes for Electrical Equipments
- Electrical Motor Connections
- Power Quality
- Ferranti Effect in Transmission Line
- What is Corona Effect in Transmission Line
- Electrical Excel Tools
- How Reactive Power helpful to maintain a System Healthy
- Automatic Power Factor Correction
- Harmonics and It’s Effects
- HID Lamps
- Types of Overhead Conductors
- Difference Between MCB/MCCB/ELCB/RCCB
- Vibration Damper in Transmission Line
- Electrical Energy Saving Tips
- Transformer
hiiiii
i want knows about thyrister for heater cotrol
subscribe me about your Electrical Notes posts
Nice
no coment
Thanks for you and your website. It is very useful for all electrical engineers.
I WANT TO KNOW ABOUT HYDRO THERMAL SCHEDULING
what is the reason for in earth fault relay does not operate while fault occurs near by the neutral point
PLEASE MAN, SEND ME PDFs OF ALL YOUR NOTES..I FEAR YOU MAY ONEDAY CLOSE YOUR WEBSITE I NEED THIS INFORMATION VERRY MUCH.
THANKS
hey…ur website is really very very good…plzz keep up the great workk…god bless you…u are amzinngngngng!!!
God Bless U, Sir u are doing a great work.Thanking U.
Please let me know abour Surge Protector in details
How Surge protector is installed in Main Distribution Panel ?
This article was really nicely written, and it also contains several helpful details. I appreciated your expert manner of writing this submit. You’ve created it easy for me to realize.
Dear sir,
your web site very useful for all Electrical Engineer.
I want to know for Earthing Truck 11kv ,sub station automation.
Thanks
Navin
this website is really great…..!! thank you sir…
Dear sir
Will u explain the duty cycle of the breakers i.e O-0.3Sec-CO-3Mins-CO
if possible ,include somthing about electrical system design & estimation……….
It is very helpful for us.
thanks……..
I have a 500kVA generator supplying 33kV line with a distance of 55km, The line has 7 transformers at the receiving i.e 55 km from the generator station, the problem is that this system has refused to work, it trips after every 3 hours, What could be the problem with this arrangement,The voltage is too high at the receiving going upto 255V for single phase, attempts to transpose the line has also failed to work
can u give me UPS sizig and BBank sizing calculation
this site is wonderful i will inform my friends also about this site u r doing gate job
please tell me how i can see current transformer pdf view because when i open pdf file of current transformer it show wordpress registration i completed registration but no view of pdf. please reply thx
it’s real good collection keep it up.
Can u explain about grouser an Earth fault detector
What would be minimum clearence betn HV bushing top lead abd upper gandry?
Hello Sir
Thank u very much for uploading these information, can u upload UPS Selection and cable selection for UPS and Cable/ Copper strip size for UPS Neutral earthing? and some important information about electrical design for distribution side of IT, Residential & Commercial buildings.
hello sir,
firstly i want to thank you… secondly can i known about power quality in elobrated way plssss
useful site for all electrical engineers.
sir please i really need the current transformer notes but i can,t acess on that notes so can you help me about that.
waiting your reply
hello sir,
relly great work.sharing of knowledge makes it you different from others
Hi Jignesh..Good work…keep it up..
I want to know about Partical Discharge Test.
thanks for sharing
hi jignesh its really good work….i want to know switch gear,,,more….but no notes regarding that
pls can u update….this site s very helpful for us…..good
good reference for me…tq
I can only say you are doing a great job. You are a gift to the electrical community
Please can i get your e mail address.
jiguparmar@yahoo.com
hi sir, thanks for technical support………
i want detailed calculation of cable size for specific load.
jignesh sir,
i want to know about that what power consume capacitor bank during power factor correction.so please help me for basic formula or thumb rule how to calculate power loss in power factor correction.
best site for practical engineers
Dear jignesh
i must applaud you for such beautiful,simplified and greatly livid articles. you are infact generating tremendous interest level among the common engineers , your article seems to be a engrossing novel for the all the level of technocrats . My hats off to you for a yeoman service .
Arvind Singh Rathore
can u blog something about 1 phase and 3 phase motors
Sir,
can you send your all post as PDF files to my email because your all posts are very great and useful to me? I afraid, I can not visit your website one day.
Dear Min,
Just Copy of the text from Blog-open MS word just past it then convert it to PDF if you need in PDF.
It is not possible to convey PDF copy of all Notes personally to every one.
Thanks…
Respected Sir,
Iam A.Sivakumar working as a Technician.I face problems in interview regarding to Deisel Generators….I Request you sir Please send the notes about generators & normal and critical problems which are commonly occures…Iam the regular viewer of you Web-site.I learnt a lot by your website…Thanking you sir..
Dear Parmar sir,
You hav given such a wonderfull information, as there are so many sites but this is one and only site which fullfill any electrical engineer or contracter information needs. And ur excel programs are also wonderfull. Now i m became fan of u. I future days i will defenatiely donate as well i will buy excel program also.
Thank you very much. God bless u.
You can use all programs at free of Cost.
You do not need to purchase it unless you want to make some modification in the program.
thank you sir…!
Kindly post some User Manual, WS Tutorials/Guides and other installable (crack) files for ETAP 11. I think ETAP 11 is HOT topik for Electrical Engg.
OR
This is my Humble request to you to send me some informations at my e-mail Id.
Sir it is very helpful & Thank you for giving good amount of knowledge, i request you to kindly send me the all the notes to my mail id, as it is very helpful & i cant access net when i require some time so i will have to carry hard copy
request you to kindly send all notes in PDF mode to my mail id
Regards
Just Copy The text of Article from Blog and paste it to MS word.
It is not possible to send mail personally.
I hope You will understand my Problem.
Thanks..
i need to know about the generator please update details
keep it up
Thanks for efforts for us,your notes really help us a lot,i an glad to see few more topics on machine design and fundamentals.again thanks a lot.
I am in mech. engg. I have many query in basic electrical. Your articles helped to understand basic funda. Thank you very much.
Thanks a Lot for your data it has really helped me in my professional life, for every enthusiastic learner this data is very useful………! According to me think you are doing your level best……..!
Awesome blog! keep it up.
i am a electrical engg……this blog helps me a lot .plz upload more question answer article ,it is very helpful for interview.
how voltage change from 11v to max .voltage in power transmission system??
thanks.very useful
THIS IS TREASURE :D, thank you :D
Thanks a Lot for your data it has really helped me in my professional life, for every enthusiastic learner this data is very useful………! According to me think you are doing your level best……..!.
actually i need AC & DC UPS sizing calculations spread sheet in Excel format.please send as early as possible .this is my email :psrpskumar@gmail.com
Dear Sir,
Your artical is very good & usefull. Pls add about DG Sets. Types of DG Sets & Different. Pls do needfull
one of the best website
thank u sir
Hats off to you Sir… Effort behind this is great…
Thank you so much…. Very informative…..
thanks a lot for all, please can i ask you for : line protection setting calculation :-)
Dear friend
Nice details,, I need NGR details. can you post that
Thank you very for your Electrical notes.
I am really thanks and salute 2 u………
Good job
sir i want to know the distance b/w two pole ht an lt both
thank you dude. for the information… greetings from El Salvador C.A.
Please provide me Electrical Panel Inspection check list that will be grateful to you
Arul.G
Mr. Jignesh Parmar, You are the great. One of the most powerful Technical Site I have ever seen.
Every person will be benefited from you.
HELLO SIR,
Could you please send as commend, how to select the suitable under/over voltage protection relay from different manufacturers for primary star and secondary 2VT open delta connection PT.
I really seem to agree with everything that
was in fact written within “Electrical Notes Electrical Notes & Articles”.
I am grateful for all the information.I appreciate it-Lanora
thank you jignesh parmar. this basic information relating ele. engg.is very useful for every electrical engineer. and also thank you my ketul sir who suggest me to use this site……
nice is
This is very useful information. Thank you sir.
Sir can you help me to design a Current Transformer with basic requirements and the necessary calculation for designing it, with a best example…. i’m inreal need for the info. please help me….
with regards,
GAYA3
thank you sir.u r proud of gujrat.
please inform me via mail about uptate and changes
Just Press “Follow this Blog via email” and You will get all update through Mail
Dear,
jignesh sir, i want know about 67-restricted relay for transformer protection.pls, give me reply.i am waiting.
From:Pravin Mali
Deesa,gujarat.
Very nice post. I definitely love this website. Stick with it!
Dear Expert,
what is the effect of power cable laid in looping?
Which type of Effect
On the Current
On the Heating of Cable
My understanding is power cable laid in looping will increase the cable impedance. Thus, increase the power losses and can generate undesirable heating. Is this true?
sir can you please provide some information about Transformer differential protection , stability , sensitivity of transformer differential relay, HV REF /LV REF stability & sensitivity.
Sir would you please give notes about Load choking..?
there are very usful to many peoples who interested in electrical.. i have many douts.., in that one dout is.
why we considered per unit impedance during the calculation of transformers operated in parallel? and its uses? give some exambles how the load divide depends upon their p.u impedance value of the transformers?
Really superb sir,for your wholehearted support to all Elegant eectrical engineers..Hats off u sir………..
this web page is really very interesting. Sir, can you please provide notes on generators..thanks.
how can i find out the loss of transformer in kw
dear Jigneshji,
can u provide me with some reactor sizing, for capacitors for hormonics prone area
i mean, whats 7%, 14% reators, when what specs are to be used and all
I want to know how to choose of neutral cable rating
Hello sir,
it is helpful notes for electrical engineer…pls provided Electrical Testing notes on practical basis..like transformer testing, breaker testing, oLR testing, relay testing, micom relay testing, cable testing, etc. positive response awaited from u..
thanking you,
great…
I need your reference:
All manufacturer’s are followed IEC & IEEE standard for design MV switchgear at rated 40 deg. C ambient temperature. However, if ambient temperature increase to 50 deg. C, then How manufacturer should satisfy their clients (Client has been some current rating limitation bus bar as well as CB) technically. Please provide me details
Dear Mr Parmar,
You are one of the greatest, broad hearted and kind human being who believe in sharing the knowledge they possess as you will agree that the knowledge you have will be lost for ever when you leave this world. It will enrich the knowledge of others interested in the subject and immensely benefit the mankind in its pursuit to excellence.
I have come across with your articles while looking to solve one of my problems and I seek your wise advise in the matter. We have one tea manufacturing industry near Siliguri in the district of Darjeeling (West Bengal). We have taken up the task of efficient utilisation of electricity by looking into each and every factor affecting the electricity charges viz., contract demand, actual requirement, power factor, load factor, installation of required equipments, earthing, overall electrical wiring etc.etc., We have no idea about these and other factors affecting electric consumption. For this we need your guidance and like to know as to how you can help us or guide us in the matter. This is a business requirement and therefore, it will definitely be on cost basis.
Waiting to hear from you,
With regards,
PK Goyal
A dought on carbon brushes, can we use commutator carbon brushes to slip ring induction motor.
Dear Jignesh parmar,
I am working in 2MW Photovoltanic Solar power plant as Electrical Engineer (O&M), these plant generate power at day time & take power (Import) at night. At night Import power is used for plant lighting only as generation stopped after sunset, At the time of Import power, we have a light load (near about 10KW), due to which our power factor is Low. & Electricity board charge panalty for low power factor. How can i improve power factor to 90-95%.
Thanks & Regards,
Leeladhar kashyap
what happened for my query dated on 22-10-13
Refer B.L.Theraja (Page 919 to 992) for more clarity
CAN YOU PLEASE ANSWER THAT HOW MUCH TEMP ELGIBLE FOR CABLE TERMINATION AND BUSBAR TERMINATION?
I want to know about tranformer
Already given in the Blog….
I want to know about Lighting arresters.
I have a problem while downing electrical tools,what should I do then?I want to get all of excels,plz advise me
Thank you very much………….
Information is very helpful for us
Sir I need to know different types of relay operation for protection of transformer
Dear Sir,
I saw almost all of your posts those are very helpful now I request you to post the different cable sizing processes for domestic, commercial & Industrial Electrical works for practical purposes……
From—
Swapan Kr. Bera, kolkata, West Bengal, India
what is need for generating the power are 3.3kv, 6.6kv,11kv,66kv ?
in terms of form factor why?
any special in form factor ?
need for form factor?
why generating voltage are 6.6,33kv,11kv?
why our country frequency say as 50hz? any reason
in others are 60hz … i am totally confused for silly questions
dear sir,
i want to know abt the windings of cieling fan and complete information about the structure and working of cieling fan
please tell me difference between mcb/mccb/elcb/rccb
It is already given in the Blog..Refer the Post..
Dear Sir please upload pre commissioning test procedures on power plant equipments
df/dt settings required please
Hello dost how r u
Thank u
there is 11kv/230 single phase transformer ,one of secondary conductor is grounded why?
in overhead system, most of fault are single line to ground why?
guruji u r great
i think in case of over head transmission line probability of failing a line is high compared to probability to fail all line so single line to grnd faults are more
sir why should capacitors be placed at 2/3 of feeder length from sending end
What is power factor sir
Dear Jignesh,
My capacitor bank always showing overload, i have checked all the contactor, fuse, and replace the controller but still the same probelm
can you please help me what i should do
thank you for your help
regards
Joshi
Dear Mr. Jignesh,
I want to know the details about DG Synchronization? can u help me?
excellent work sir
What’s up, I check your new stuff on a regular basis.
Your story-telling style is awesome, keep up the good
work!
very nice job sir.
awesome sirrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
THANK U SO MUCH SIR,FOR SHARING SUCH VALUABLE INFORMATION..
sir i want to know why always ‘ earth foult realy connected on ‘y’ phase”
How to connect cable sheath earthing in case of core balance current transformer? Whether we have to pass it from CBCT or not?
dear what is the LTMR relay ? were using this relay?
Kindly forward the difference between thermal magnetic release MCCB and microprocessor based release MCCB
Dear sir I m working for state transmission utility One of our 220/132/33kv grid ss is having lot of system disturbances .there are 11nos 220kv feeders an.d it is connected to hydropower station of 600 mw.it is a one and half breaker system can you suggest any remedies to avoid system disturbances
devadass
dear sir how to calculate 3.5 ar alu cable current carrying capacity
sir i need electrical notes daily updates
Why ELCB is not advisable for a Motor Control Panel? What is the difference between teh ELR & ELCB?
MPCB is the best one for local control panel
why the relation of voltage and current is inversely proportional in case of transformer?
I would also like to join.
Sir ,i have need electrical notes in pdf ,by post
Sir ,i have need electrical notes in soft copy ,by post all volume
This is good helpful and essential material
dear sir i hope every thing going well
i want to know how to connect the 1600 kva transformer to panel?
if you give me the answer i will great full.
Please also post regarding re-generative Braking system & power return arrangement for Induction Motor which to be used for Dyno.
good morning sir,
i just want to know how 4 number of 3.7kw subimersible motor is connected in a generator given supply and how to calculate the kva rating for these motors…that is for 3.7kw motor starting current will be 35A..after that it will require 10A ..so how can we select the suitable generator for this…
sir, Does electrical questions also included in the electrical document pdf?
Hello, I love your page. All information very useful. Thank you so much :)
hi sir what are the precautions needed while testing the earth leakage relay?????
dear sir, A engineering industry have a total connected load is 1400KW , avilable HT supply is 22KV, how to calculate 22KV/415V transformer KVA rating and how to estimate the KVA demand for Electricity board.
Your personal contect number please send sir?
you the jack of all electrical information, hats off
thank you for this site
Hi Jignesh Sir, I am one of the regular readers and followers of your website. I find this (your) site very knowledge enriching and insightful. On behalf of all the followers/viewers, I would like thank you for opening sharing your experience and expertise. Thank you once again.
Well, I would like to seek your advice/assistance on ‘How to calculate the electrical clearances of overhead electrical conductors of all voltage levels (415 volt, 6.6 kV, 11 kV, 33 kV, 66 kV, 132 kV, 220 kV, 400 kV, etc.)”. If there are any specific formulae, kindly share me. I would be very grateful.
Thrinley
Bhutan
+975-1760 9279
We have a 5 nos of 1600kv transformer one of conected to emergency panel with generator facility. if there is any issue in emergency panel than triping many area elcb link to emergecy panel please advice.
nice work, very informative for each person
thanks
sir i want electrical all notes with free cost
this site is very very useful for every electrical engineers thanks a lot for your post and notes.
Dear Sir,
I am the one of the great fan of yours. I am working as maintenance engineer from past 7 years. I would like request you, to provide more details on electrical maintenance safety and necessary of maintenance for Breakers,MCCB,DG sets Compressor etc… It would be useful for the maintenance persons.
Thanks & Regards,
M.Arun Kumar
Hi sir,
Please tell me , ” how a reactor will design for 230kvar star grounded capacitor,50Hz,input voltage 11Kv, and the source transformer is 9Mva”
What will be value ( or configuration) of detuned reactor. Also Please tell me which formula will be used.
I am waiting your response .
Thanks
Thanks a lot sir for such a useful information
Best site of electrical engineering..